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Columbia Journalism Review: A company See-Through 
Image by “http://www.flickr.com/photos/36521980095 @ N01/3275962426″> danxoneil www.cjr.org/feature/a_see-through_society.php?page = all Preview: People are hungry for access to information and officials trying to undermine discover that the Internet responds to the suppression of information, the routing to the problem. Consider the history of a site that you’ve never seen ChicagoWorksForYou.com. In June 2005, a team of web developers at a site that fifty five different types of service requests that flow into databases 311 points of the city such as the repair would take to develop for the city of Chicago, began potholes , tree trimming, trash placement, building permits, and food control and allow the search by address and “map what’s happening in your neighborhood.” The idea was to use the services of the city local.ChicagoWorks level was completed in January 2006, to mark with the support of the Office of Mayor Richard Daley. But it must also be considered by the aldermen of the city, according to a source working on the project, “they were very impressed with the functionality, but by the way, shocked that he would go public.” The elections were coming, and even if the website showed 90 percent of potholes filled within thirty days, have the authorities was not that familiar with the public on the last 10 percent. ChicagoWorksForYou.com abandonné.Mais was the idea of a website that provides information about the services the City of Chicago gathered is alive and well. If you go EveryBlock.com, launched in January 2008 to life, and click on the link in Chicago, you can access any service, neighborhood or block and discover everything in the last restaurant inspection reports and building permits to the recent reports of crime and road closures. It’s all on a Google map, and if you want to subscribe to updates on location and the particular type of report, clears the website RSS feeds. Said Daniel O’Neil, one of the gurus of data Every “inspections crime and restore our burning questions: Will I be killed today, and I’m going to throw today,” Everytime there thanks to a generous grant from the Knight News Challenge, but his work, the eleven cities, including New York, San Francisco and Washington, DC includes, offers a glimpse into the future of ubiquitous and hyper-local information. The Team Every collects most of its data by scraping public websites and spreadsheets and into information that can be viewed and edited easily understood, be ligne.Il not long before the inhabitants of the cities to be covered resolved by Every, their own user make the generated image data to expand the city administration might prefer to hide. Every founder Adrian Holovaty said that his team to join the search for ways for users to each other directly via the website. Would come forums that people online or area of interest together Everytime allows users to become watchdogs of their cities. If city agencies still can not tell you how many potholes will remain free after 30 days, people can share and track this information themselves mêmes.TEXTE COMPLETUne Company See-Through Comment Web opens us démocratiePublication: Columbia Journalism ReviewMicah Sifry15 January 2009Il can take a while until the people that the House of Representatives of the United States web service running in the week of 29 September 2008 forgotten. It was then that the great public interest in the financial rescue legislation, coupled with an unprecedented number of e-mails to members of the House, effectively crushed www.house. gov . On Tuesday of this week, a day after the House voted against the first version of the bill jacket, were directors of the company, the number of incoming e-mails from “Write Your Representatives” processed function limit heritage. The request for the text of the law was so intense that after the midterm third-party websites were flooded. GovTrack.us, a private site that produces a friendly legislation in Congress Guide, had to close. His owner, Josh Tauberer’ve read a message, “So many people are for the account of economic aid, the GovTrack can not cope. Take a break and come back later if the world cools.” Once the people have their eyes on the text of the bill, they tore it with zeal. Nearly a thousand comments were between 22 September and 5 October PublicMarkup.org, a website that allows introduced to public scrutiny and discussion of the text of the bill by the sunlight Foundation, published an interest group Open Government (full disclosure: I am a senior technology consultant sunlight). Meanwhile, thousands of bloggers to zero in the many earmarks in the bill, such as reducing taxes, infamous for a manufacturer of wood arrow. Others focused on the members who voted for the bill, the analysis of their campaign contributors, arguing that Wall Street donations influenced their vote.L explosion of the general public line contribution to the bailout bill showing something profound: the beginning of a new era of political transparency. As more people go online to find, create, and important information with other policy areas, such as the cost of creating, combining, storing and exchanging information falls to zero, and that the tools data analysis and connect people always powerful and easier to use, policy and governance inevitably resemble more ouvert.Nous towards a world where one click universal disclosure, reporting in real time moving professionals and amateurs, visualizations dazzling new data to tell the interesting stories, and the ability of people to see their government from below (what the French call sousveillance) become commonplace. Despite the detour of the Bush years, the citizens are more at all levels of government to take an active role in understanding and democratic participation rate, which influence their decisions vies.Connectez, speak outle low cost, high Always on the Internet changed the ecology the way people consume and create political information. The Pew Internet & American Life Project estimated that about 75 percent of all American adults, or about 168 million people go online, or e-mail at least occasionally. A digital divide still haunts the United States, but among Americans aged 18 to 49, the proportion is closer to 90 percent in line. Television remains by far the most important source of political information, but in October 2008, a third of Americans said their main political information provider Internet was more than three times the number from four years earlier, according to another Pew study. Said Nearly half of the 18 to 29 years, the Internet was their main source of information politique.Pendant this time, we are ready for a revolution in the participation not only of consumption, thanks to the Internet. People talk, share, and talk online. According to another study by Pew, one in December 2007 using the Internet to something online that they created shares a reported five adults in the United States, say the 1-3, they have posted a comment or rated something ligne. Les People are hungry try to access to information and officials, is undermined to discover the suppression of information about the routing that the Internet responding problem. Consider the history of a site that you’ve never seen ChicagoWorksForYou.com. In June 2005, a team of web developers at a site that fifty five different types of service requests that flow into databases 311 points of the city such as the repair would take to develop for the city of Chicago, began potholes , tree trimming, trash placement, building permits, and food control and allow the search by address and “map what’s happening in your neighborhood.” The idea was to use the services of the city local.ChicagoWorks level was completed in January 2006, to mark with the support of the Office of Mayor Richard Daley. But it must also be considered by the aldermen of the city, according to a source working on the project, “they were very impressed with the functionality, but by the way, shocked that he would go public.” The elections were coming, and even if the website showed 90 percent of potholes filled within thirty days, have the authorities was not that familiar with the public on the last 10 percent. ChicagoWorksForYou.com abandonné.Mais was the idea of a website that provides information about the services the City of Chicago gathered is alive and well. If you go EveryBlock.com, launched in January 2008 to life, and click on the link in Chicago, you can access any service, neighborhood or block and discover everything in the last restaurant inspection reports and building permits to the recent reports of crime and road closures. It’s all on a Google map, and if you want to subscribe to updates on location and the particular type of report, clears the website RSS feeds. Said Daniel O’Neil, one of the gurus of data Every “inspections crime and restore our burning questions: Will I be killed today, and I’m going to throw today,” Everytime there thanks to a generous grant from the Knight News Challenge, but his work, the eleven cities, including New York, San Francisco and Washington, DC includes, offers a glimpse into the future of ubiquitous and hyper-local information. The Team Every collects most of its data by scraping public websites and spreadsheets and into information that can be viewed and edited easily understood, be ligne.Il not long before the inhabitants of the cities to be covered resolved by Every, their own user make the generated image data to expand the city administration might prefer to hide. Every founder Adrian Holovaty said that his team to join the search for ways for users to each other directly via the website. Would come forums that people online or area of interest together Everytime allows users to become watchdogs of their cities. If city agencies still can not tell you how many potholes will remain free after 30 days, people can share, and track this information themselves mêmes.Un joint efforts is not too young to have grown line. Consider just a few examples: Since 1999 RateMyProfessors.com RateMyTeachers.com and over sixteen million of notes that lifted generated by users over two million teachers and professors. Both sites get anywhere from half a million to a million visitors per month. Yelp.com verification service user-generated, says its members have more than four million local reviews since its founding in 2004. What moves and begins a family to the younger generation, there is every reason to expect that its members are those habits networking and the exchange of information in monitoring the severe quality problems of life, as well as the leading politique.Villes manièreReconnaissant this trend some Officials diving in. In his “State of the City” speech in January 2008, the New York City Mayor Mike Bloomberg promised “the mother to use all the tools of accountability.” It’s called performance information throughout the city and Bloomberg promised that he had “a lot of data response time fingertip fire population, noise complaints, trees planted by the Park Service, you name it. More than five hundred different measures 40-5 city agencies.” Bloomberg, whose wealth on the financial corporation built information he has built, said he would like the service but think “Bloomberg terminal for the city administration, except that it’s free.” Bloomberg’s vision is only partially so far met. A visitor would fight on the city website (nyc.gov) to find the “Bloomberg terminal for the city government,” because there are hidden several layers up to Office of Operations page of the mayor, without hands homepage. Nevertheless, the amount of data that it offers is awesome. You can learn that the number of families with children in the housing system of the city is 31 percent in the past year, and that the city considers it a sign of loss of power through the system. Or you discover that the median duration of local consumer protection took to handle a complaint was twenty-two working days, and this will be positive! Another related tool, called NYC * Scout, anyone can see where service requests have recently made, and with a little effort you can make comparisons between different sectors of the community. Monitoring tools New York still leave much to be desired, but because they are the addresses and dates of specific applications, the raw bones of these reports are to keep the data service. This means that the city still resist divides the data population with public.Comparez this approach the District of Columbia. Since 2006, all the raw data it is about the activities of government, education, health, crime, and collected dozens of other topics than 260 available to the public live data feeds. CapStat online service of the city also allows anyone to improve the performance of the organization to track, monitor local services and quality of life issues and make suggestions for improvement. Vivek Kundra, Chief Technology Officer innovative DC, calls this “the construction of the digital public square.” , Announced in mid-October, an “Apps for Democracy” contest, offered to outside developers and web designers and tools that have made the use of catalog data on the city.In 000 prize A few weeks Kundra received nearly fifty finished web applications. The winners are: * ILive.at, a website that around an address with the nearest places for shopping shows with one click all local information, buy gas, or e-mail a letter to the scene reported recently, and the demographic composition the neighborhood; * Where is my money, DC mesh tool with Facebook and allows users to view and discuss all the expenses of the city over, 500;? * Stumbles and safe, an online guide to the best bars and safe journeys where stumble home after a night dehors.La lesson “Apps for Democracy” contest is simple: a critical mass of citizens with the skills and appetite, with is willing to engage public bodies to co-create a new kind of transparency gouvernement.Selon the procurement practices of the traditional markets of the state, it would be months Kundra right one “taken place application have suggestions” and get answers. Turnkey site would be months or even have taken years for large government contractors to complete. The cost of labor fifty sites have been in the millions. Not so, if you give the strong, public records and the freedom to innovate that is inherent in the Web today. All imageAlors how to change the Web the nature of political transparency finally? Four major trends développent.Tout first, the day is not far when it will be possible at a glance the most important powers of the individual lobbyists, business or interest group is trying to influence the government. Here’s how Ellen Miller, Executive Director of the Foundation of sunlight and a long-time proponent of open government, sees the future of online transparency: “If I return to Exxon, I want one click Disclosure,” she said. “I want to see that its pac is money to their executives and employees who are at the state level and the federal government that makes their lobbying, they meet with and what they are to support lobbying, it s” Whether the employment of former government officials, or vice versa, when one of its former employees in the government if one of these persons on board the aircraft company. And then I want to know that the contracts, grants, or embodied get the company, and whether they are competitive offer, “she continues.” When I look at a Senator, I will not delay an updated list of his campaign contributors, the 1 month, because the Senate nor with the reports on paper. I want to see the schedule of public meetings. I want to know what it is sponsored and get spending. I wonder if there is money is connected to a private, nonprofit organization, people might. I would like to see an updated list of its financial assets, with all the most trivial things, like a list of bills he sponsored, votes he has taken, and the public statements he made. And I want it all reported and available online in a timely manner. “This vision is not so far away. During the last three years, mainly thanks to the support of the sunlight, OMB Watch (an organization non-profit defense, budgetary matters, governance and access to government concentrated) created FedSpending.org a searchable online database of all government spending and contracts. The Center for Responsive Politics (OpenSecrets.org), meanwhile, has databases of the current reporting lobbying data, balances of members of Congress, sponsored travel and personnel files of nearly ten thousand people developed between the revolving door government and lobbying to move. Taxpayers for Common Sense (Taxpayer.net) is out the finishing touches to a database full online 2008 consacre.L National Institute on Money in the political state, by Ed Bender, the image fills at the state level, to the public “give and to understand information that will help the public, these actions their frame actions as fully as possible from their elected leaders and,” he said. ” It would be with the candidates for office to start their biographies and donors, and followed them in statehouses their missions committee and relationships lobbyists, and finally to the law which they sponsor and vote for, and who benefits from these measures. “The Obama administration, meanwhile, has expressed the desire to expand transparency of government, and promised as part of its platform” on the agenda of ethics “(change.gov / Agenda / ethics_agenda) to a” central database of lobbying reports, ethics records Internet data and campaign-finance filings in a searchable, sortable format and downloadable, “and a” database “of contracts and create the impact,” the how much federal contractors spend lobbying, and what contracts they are getting and how they complement each other to disclose. “To ensure that all citizens have access to such a database can we hope that Obama expresses universal access to the Internet as part of their investment in infrastructure. Rasiej When Andrew and I argued in Politico in December,” Just as we in the law universal service recognized in the 1930s that we have taken steps to ensure that all access to the telephone network, we have the same day to do with affordable access high-speed Internet. Everything else flows from this. Otherwise we run the risk tools leaves half of our population and the increasing inequality to reduce, rather than the “3-D journalismeUne second trend is driving us to a greater degree policy of transparency is the data visualization. Too boring lists and line numbers in the beautiful fascinating convert images every day, enabling a new kind of journalism 3-D dynamic and data-driven performance. And in many cases, consumers can continue to manipulate the picture or graphic that follows, drilling in its layers of information to their own interests . follow My favorite examples are: * Fund Race The Huffington Post, the campaign assigned to contributions to candidates for the 2008 presidential election of name and address, so that everyone can see that their neighbors could lead; * Discussion The analyzer New York Times, the debate each candidate in an interactive map, which converted the number of words and speaking time and allows readers for keywords or forward for dedicated search * the Sunlight Foundation and Taxpayers seeing an envelope card Common Sense (earmarkwatch.org / mapped), the layers of the thousands of dedicated defense-bill appropriations for the year 2008 on a map of the country, so a viewer to zero in on specific sites and see how the Pentagon distributed money in almost every corner of the United UnisL’utilisation these tools creates a collective understanding , as Paul Simon sang, the way we all of us. As news consumers accustomed to people like John King of CNN using a highly interactive map of the United States to grow explain the returns of the local vote is the demand for this kind of visualisations only croître.Little Brother is Watching, tropLa third trend power the expansion of political transparency sousveillance, or just from the bottom. It may be through random people, with little more than a mobile phone with camera, the right to the shall be performed under equipped to happen right time armed. Or it can be widely scattered individuals act together to an important information or trend, the “distributed journalism.” as has Called uncover indeed can be done, is Big Brother of millions of small observed frères.Par example, in August, San Francisco Mayor Gavin Newsom was noted with coffee at a Starbucks in Malibu, when he discovered by a blogger who took some photos and posted on the Internet. bloggers that Newsom has been “talking campaign strategy” with someone but did not know who. Pictures drew attention to San Francisco Chronicle reporter Carla Marinucci that identifies that person as a political consultant Garry South. Soon political blogger had a day out on the floor, that the liberal mayor was with a consultant will meet for conservative Democrats. This is sousveillance to its simplest expression.Le citizen journalism project “Off the Bus”, which eventually attracted thousands of volunteer journalists who published their work on the Huffington Post In the 2008 elections sousveillance mass. Much part of their work was too stubborn, or the first person to break oriented really new, but the statement of Mayhill Fowler glib remarks by Barack Obama at a fundraiser in San Francisco on “bitter” working-at least briefly. And there is the running of the campaign, many Examples of bloggers and their readers work together to expose a hidden fact. coalition as “Porkbusters blogger” known to have at the center of efforts reveal the what Senator has a secret night on a bill creating a federal database of government spending, others have been of no one as a co-sponsor Barack Obama and Tom Coburn. Porkbusters asked their readers to call their senators and the reporting process, discovered that Senator Ted Stevens of Alaska was the culprit. Shortly after, he let go. To Likewise, Josh Marshall Talking Points Memo readers often asked to identify local stories that could be part of a larger model. This is the technique, the reconstruction of the history of federal prosecutors burning helped throughout the country, for which he received the Prix de-Polk.A Twitter mondeLa latest trend in the changing nature of transparency is obtained, the rise of what some call the World Live Web. use everything from telephones, mobile phone, the video stream can live online in simple text message message service Twitter micro-blogging, people contribute to a jogger in real-time information about what is happening around them. Much what follows is a little more noise, but filtering tools more sophisticated and easy to use can play a role in information valeur.Par example, in just a few weeks before the election to rotate November in the United States, a group of volunteer bloggers and web developers loose with the blog, I have linked edit, built techPresident.com a monitoring project called Twitter Vote Report. voters were asked to use Twitter and other tools like iPhone to submit reports on the quality of their vote. Nearly twelve thousand flowed reports, and the result was a real-time image of complications election day and time to wait for a number of journalistic organizations, including NPR, PBS, and several newspapers for their rapports.Rien cacherLa leave that our politicians to question how we generated towards a world in which bottom-up, transparency by the user to move more and more a reality, is whether they accept this change and show that they have nothing to have to hide. Will they everything is for their government service to the people actively share that, after all, to pay their salaries? Will they trust the public to the complexity of the information rather than being like children do not circumvent the truth can? understand the topic for the citizens now, is, we will use this new access to information in order to create an open and deliberative democracy? Or simply citizens use the Internet to play “gotcha” games with the policy, damage to the speech instead of increasing it? “People tend not to trust what is hidden,” the report’s authors write in November 2008 by a collection of opening “Towards a 21st Century right to the defender know the agenda. “” Transparency is a powerful tool to the public that the government spend our money wisely, that the politicians are not going to demonstrate in the pocket of lobbyists and interest groups, the government is working in a responsible manner and that decisions are taken to ensure the safety and to ensure the safety of all Americans. “Ultimately, creates transparency trust. Or rather, enables transparency leader to win our trust. In the near future they may have, as more and more observed by us.
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